Convict Ships

John Allcot, artist, 1938 – First Fleet entering Sydney Cove. Published Sydney Mail 1938 – TLF resource R6798

Between 1788 and 1868, a total of 25 convict ships transported female convicts to Australia. These ships carried thousands of women, many of whom were serving sentences for crimes committed in Britain.

Some of the most notorious convict ships carrying female convicts included the Lady Juliana, which arrived in Sydney in 1790 carrying 226 women, and the Rajah, which arrived in Van Diemen’s Land (now Tasmania) in 1841 carrying 180 women.

Unfortunately, some convict ships carrying female convicts did sink during their voyages to Australia. One of the most infamous incidents occurred in 1833, when the Amphitrite sank off the coast of Boulogne, France, while carrying 108 female convicts and 12 children. All aboard perished in the disaster.

Other convict ships carrying female convicts also encountered difficulties during their voyages, including outbreaks of disease, food shortages, and other logistical challenges. The conditions aboard these ships were often very difficult, and many women suffered from illness, injury, or other health problems as a result of their time at sea.

The following is a list of Female Convict Ships that sailed to Sydney, New South Wales and the female convicts were assigned from the ship or sent to the Parramatta Female Factory.

1788 (First Fleet)

Charlotte (F) – 22 January 1788

Friendship (F) – 21 January 1788

Lady Penrhyn (F) – 22 January 1788

Prince of Wales (F) – 22 January 1788

1790 (Second Fleet)

Lady Juliana (F) – 3 June 1790

Neptune – 28 June 1790

1791 (Third Fleet)

Mary Ann (F) – 9 July 1791

Queen (F) – 26 September 1791

Albermarle (F) – 13 October 1791

1792

Pitt (F) – 14 February 1792

Royal Admiral (F) – 7 October 1792

Kitty (F)- 18 November 1792

1793

Bellona (F) – 16 January 1793

Boddingtons (F) (I) (P) – 7 August 1793

Sugar Cane (F) – 17 September 1793

1794

William (F) – 10 March 1794

Surprize (F) – 25 October 1794

1795

1796

Marquis Cornwallis (F) – 11 February 1796

Indispensable (F) – 30 April 1796

1797

Lady Shore (F) – 28 August 1797

Britannia (F) (I) (P) – 27 May 1797

1798

Britannia (F) – 18 July 1798

1799

1800

Minerva (F) – 11 January 1800

Speedy (F) – 15 April 1800

1801

Anne (F) (I) (P) – 21 February 1801

Earl Cornwallis (F) – 12 June 1801

Nile (F) – 14 December 1801

1802

Atlas (I) (I) (F) – 7 July 1802

1803

Glatton (F) – 11 March 1803

Rolla (F) – 12 May 1803

1804

Experiment (F) – 12 June 1804

1806

Tellicherry (F) – 15 February 1806

William Pitt (F) – 11 April 1806

Alexander (F) – 20 August 1806

1807

Sydney Cove (F) – 18 June 1807

1808

Speke (F) – 16 November 1808

1809

Aeolus (F) – 26 January 1809

Experiment (F) (I) – 25 June 1809

Indispensable (F) – 18 August 1809

1810

Canada (F) – 8 September 1810

1811

Providence (F) – 2 July 1811

Friends (F) – 10 October 1811

1812

1813

Archduke Charles (F) (I) – 16 February 1813

1814

Wanstead (F) – 9 January 1814

Catherine (F) – 4 May 1814

Broxbornebury (F) – 27 July 1814

1815

Northampton (F) – 18 June 1815

Francis and Eliza (F) (I) – 8 August 1815

1816

Mary Anne (F) – 19 January 1816

Alexander (F) (I) – 4 April 1816

1817

Lord Melville (F) – 24 February 1817

Canada (I) (F) – 6 August 1817

Frederick – October 1817 (VDL; NSW)

1818

Friendship (F) – 14 January 1818

Maria (F) – 17 September 1818

Elizabeth (F) (I) – 19 November 1818

1819

1820

Lord Wellington (F) – 20 January 1820

Janus (F) – 3 May 1820

Morley (F) – 30 September 1820

1821

John Bull (F) – 18 December 1821

1822

Providence (F) – 7 January 1822 (53 to NSW)

Mary Anne (F) – 20 May 1822

1823

Lord Sidmouth (F) – 27 February 1823 (VDL; NSW)

Woodman (F) – 25 June 1823

Mary (F) – 18 October 1823 (VDL; NSW)

1824

Brothers (F) – 7 May 1824 (VDL) (39 to NSW)

Almorah (F) (I) – 20 August 1824

1825

Grenada (F) – 23 January 1825

Henry (F) – 27 February 1825 (VDL) (2 to NSW)

Mariner (F) – 10 July 1825

Midas (F) – 17 December 1825 (VDL) (50 to NSW, 3 children)

1826

Providence (F) – 16 May 1826 (VDL)

Lady Rowena (F) – 17 May 1826

1827

Sir Charles Forbes (F) – 3 January 1827 (VDL)

Grenada (F) – 23 January 1827

Brothers (F) (I) – 2 February 1827

Persion (1) (F) 5 August 1827

Princess Charlotte (F) – 6 August 1827

Harmony (F) – 27 September 1827

Louisa (F) – 3 December 1827

1828

Elizabeth (F) (I) – 12 January 1828

Competitor (F) – 10 October 1828

City of Edinburgh (F) (I) – 12 November 1828

1829

Edward (F) (I) – 26 April 1829

Princess Royal (F) – 19 May 1829

Sovereign (F) – 3 August 1829

Lucy Davidson (F) – 29 November 1829

1830

Asia (F) (I) – 13 January 1830

Roslin Castle (F) – 29 June 1830

Forth (2) (F) (I) – 12 October 1830

1831

Kains (F) – 11 March 1831

Earl of Liverpool (F) – 5 April 1831

Palambam (F) – 31 July 1831

Hooghley (F) – 27 September 1831

1832

Pyramus (F) – 5 March 1832

Burrell (F) – 20 May 1832

Southworth (F) – 14 June 1832

1833

Fanny (F) – 2 February 1833

Surry (F) – 9 March 1833

Diana (F) – 25 May 1833

Caroline (F) (I) – 6 August 1833

Buffalo (F) – 5 October 1833

1834

Numa (F) – 13 June 1834

Dart (F) – 9 July 1834 (Mauritius to NSW)

George Hibbert (F) – 1 December 1834

1835

Mary (F) – 6 September 1835

1836

Henry Wellesley (F) – 7 February 1836

Roslin Castle (F) – 25 February 1836

Thomas Harrison (F) – 9 June 1836

Elizabeth (F) – 12 October 1836

1837

Sarah and Elizabeth (F) – 23 April 1837

Margaret (F) – 30 May 1837

Henry Wellesley (F) – 22 December 1837

Sir Charles Forbes (F) – 25 December 1837

1838

Diamond (F) (I) – 28 March 1838

John Renwick (F) – 27 August 1838

1839

Margaret (F) – 5 January 1839

Planter (F) – 9 March 1839

Whitby (F) – 23 June 1839

Mary Anne (F) – 10 November 1839

Minerva (F) – 26 December 1839

1840

Gilbert Henderson – 24 April 1840 (VDL)

Surry (F) – 13 July 1840

Isabella (F) – 24 July 1840

Margaret (F) – 17 August 1840